The Argobba people and the Walashma kingdom

[James Dahl]

Histories and chronicles note that a man by the name of Wad ibn Hisham al-Makhzumi ود بن هشام المخزومي travelled to Shewa and founded that kingdom in the 284th year after the Hijra, which is 896 CE, founding the very first Islamic sultanate.

The later, historical sultans of Shewa have very strongly Gurage names such as Dil Gamis, Malasmaei, Ganah and Malzarrah, more often than Arab names. The reason why we harken back to Wad ibn Hisham al-Makhzumi is because of the Shewa chronicle, because it records several important events prior to the founding of the Sultanate of Shewa. The first was the arrival of Wad ibn Hisham in 896 which introduced Islam to Shewa, the second is the conversion of the Gabbah people in 1108 by Sultan Harba'ir (note that the chronicle does not state who Harba'ir was, and this predates the Sultanate of Shewa). The Gabbah were a Muslim Habesha people who had three main clans, the Doba, the Adea and the Shagura. The Adea are the ancestors of the Harari nation and the Sheekhaal clan, and the Shagura and Doba now make up the Argobba people, those who haven't been absorbed into Afar or Oromo or Somali anyways.

The first Sultan of Shewa was Malasmaei who died in 1183. The Sultanate of Shewa intermarried with the neighbouring kingdom of Zeila, which had only recently been founded by Umar Dunyahuz, when Malzarrah, the 5th Sultan married Fatimah Aydargun, the granddaughter of Umar. Following Malzarrah his relatives took power, however Zeila overthrew them to install Fatimah's son Dilmarrah onto the throne. Following Dilmarrah's subsequent overthrow Zeila annexed Shewa following an invasion and established themselves there, founding the Sultanate of Ifat (though the name may have remained Zeila and Adal, the Battle of Das for instance the Walashma kingdom is listed as Adal and Zeila, not Ifat). The Argobba word for king is Walashma, which is how the dynasty from Zeila aquired that name, the "royal dynasty".

The Argobba people were the people who suffered the greatest tribulations during the massive wars of the 16th and 17th centuries and their numbers dwindled, today they inhabit only a few mountain strongholds, maintaining their traditions.

 

[Young Popeye]

They werent Habesha, habeshis are christians i dont think you know its meaning too well. You try to bundle together semites with habesha which is totally wrong. How are all the people of shem, originally habesha? Hundreds of thousands of shem moved to Somalia through zaila port when mongolians turned their region into the dark ages. Gabah were hamitic who formed the first alliance with arabs and colonized east africa. if they were habesha they would be axumite minions converting people to christianity. Gabah had a strategic plan to rule the region as they were ignored by Somalia's inhabitants who were mostly pagans and Axumite habesha who were christians,

Amhara were also another shem tribe not related to axum habesha, infact amhara only rose to significance after axum collapsed trying to imitate the old habesha kingdom. Shewa was not just Amhara region of today, half of it was annexed from adal by amhara in the later centuries, shewa kingdom was centered in ogaden, multiple historians have said this.

Here's one https://books.google.ca/books?id=HGnyk8Pg9NgC&pg=PA21&dq=sawa+itself+were+located+in+northern+hararge&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYu7fT_c_SAhUm7oMKHdGLDoMQ6AEIHDAA#v=onepage&q=sawa itself were located in northern hararge&f=false

 

[Factz]

They werent Habesha, habeshis are christians i dont think you know its meaning too well. You try to bundle together semites with habesha which is totally wrong. How are all the people of shem, originally habesha? Hundreds of thousands of shem moved to Somalia through zaila port when mongolians turned their region into the dark ages. Gabah were hamitic who formed the first alliance with arabs and colonized east africa. if they were habesha they would be axumite minions converting people to christianity. Gabah had a strategic plan to rule the region as they were ignored by Somalia's inhabitants who were mostly pagans and Axumite habesha who were christians,

Amhara were also another shem tribe not related to axum habesha, infact amhara only rose to significance after axum collapsed trying to imitate the old habesha kingdom. Shewa was not just Amhara region of today, half of it was annexed from adal by amhara in the later centuries, shewa kingdom was centered in ogaden, multiple historians have said this.

Here's one https://books.google.ca/books?id=HGnyk8Pg9NgC&pg=PA21&dq=sawa+itself+were+located+in+northern+hararge&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYu7fT_c_SAhUm7oMKHdGLDoMQ6AEIHDAA#v=onepage&q=sawa itself were located in northern hararge&f=false

I think when @James Dahl says Habesha. He means ethio-Semitic people and even Harari people are Ethio-Semitic decedents of ancient southern Arabians that mixed with the native Cushitic highlanders in Ethiopia.

What? Gabah people didn't colonize east Africa, where do you get these sort of false informations from?

I'm sorry brother but Shewa is located in central Ethiopia in the Shewa plateau. It was a highland region, the Somali region has rivers and it's a lowland region. Those times Ajuran dominated those lands and had their own Garen kingdom there especially around kelafo.

Lastly, Somalis were never pagans. Somalis actually adopted islam in the 7th century at the time when Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) was alive. There are evidence Hijra not only took place in Zeila but Berbera, Ras Hafun, Mogadishu, Merca and Barawa. So basically the Muslims that were persecuted by the pagan Arabs, many of them took refuge across all of Somalia.

"Islam was introduced in Somalia in the 7th century when the Muslim Arabs fled from the persecution of the Pagan Quraysh tribe. When the Muslims defeated the Pagans, some returned to Arabia, but many decided to stay there and established Muslim communities along the Somali coastline. The local Somalis adopted the Islamic faith well before the faith even took root in its place of origin."

Source: A Country Study: Somalia from The Library of Congress page 143.

There are even evidence of pre-Islamic northern Somali city-states practising Christianity and Judaism.

 

[Young Popeye]

I think when @James Dahl says Habesha. He means ethio-Semitic people and even Harari people are Ethio-Semitic decedents of ancient southern Arabians that mixed with the native Cushitic highlanders in Ethiopia.

What? Gabah people didn't colonize east Africa, where do you get these sort of false informations from?

I'm sorry brother but Shewa is located in central Ethiopia in the Shewa plateau. It was a highland region, the Somali region has rivers and it's a lowland region.

Lastly, Somalis were never pagans. Somalis actually adopted islam in the 7th century at the time when Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) was alive. There are evidence Hijra not only took place in Zeila but Berbera, Hafun, Mogadishu, Merca and Barawa. So basically the Muslims that were persecuted by the pagan Arabs, many of them took refuge across all of Somalia.

"Islam was introduced in Somalia in the 7th century when the Muslim Arabs fled from the persecution of the Pagan Quraysh tribe. When the Muslims defeated the Pagans, some returned to Arabia, but many decided to stay there and established Muslim communities along the Somali coastline. The local Somalis adopted the Islamic faith well before the faith even took root in its place of origin."

Source: A Country Study: Somalia from The Library of Congress page 143.

There are even evidence of pre-Islamic northern Somali city-states practising Christianity and Judaism.

I'm talking about Axumite habesha not amhara state and I was talking about Somalia not Somalis which are two different things, also to say Somali pagans never existed is a ridiculous claim. When Islam rose to significance not all people in Somalia converted to islam at a snap of the fingers. Several wars took place even the north somali story of magicians warring with aw barkhedle is one.

Did you read my source and how it says Imam Ahmed was assisted by hargaya who were part of shewa? also why is hargeisa named similar to hargaya? shewa was centered on zaila not the axum port. There's no major kingdom that gets land locked, stop looking at the modern map and thinking about the white man's colonial borders. Somalis took over ogaden just like they took over all the lands like their neighbors the amhara did the same. Unfortunately in Africa, people just dont research enough on previous civilizations.

 

[Factz]

I'm talking about Axumite habesha not amhara state and I was talking about Somalia not Somalis which are two different things, also to say Somali pagans never existed is a ridiculous claim. When Islam rose to significance not all people in Somalia converted to islam at a snap of the fingers. Several wars took place even the north somali story of magicians warring with aw barkhedle is one.

Did you read my source and how it says Imam Ahmed was assisted by hargaya who were part of shewa? also why is hargeisa named similar to hargaya? shewa was centered on zaila not the axum port. There's no major kingdom that gets land locked, stop looking at the modern map and thinking about the white man's colonial borders. Somalis took over ogaden just like they took over all the lands like their neighbors the amhara did the same. Unfortunately in Africa, people just dont research enough on previous civilizations.

Bizarre claims brother.

Northern Somalia is the homeland for Somalis. It's always been inhabited by Somalis and the Somalis took over southern Somalia in the 1st century. No other group is native to Somalia except for Somalis and the Somali region of Ethiopia used to be dominated by the Ajuran clan and they had a kingdom there called Garen kingdom centred around Kelafo.

Aw Barkhedle was a Somali saint from Zeila. Yemeni, Maldive and Egyptian medieval sources prove that so does Somali traditions.

Shewa Sultanate was centred around central Ethiopia on the Shewa plateau. Go look at this map.

I think you're confusing Ifat Sultanate which was centred around Zeila when it conquered Shewa Sultanate?

"In the early Middle Ages, the Somali Sultanates developed strong standing armies. The conquest of Shewa by the Ifat Sultanate ignited a rivalry for supremacy between the Christian Solomonids and the Muslim Ifatites which resulted in several devastating wars."

Source: (Cambridge University Press, 1982), page. 131.

Listen, just because names sound similar doesn't mean anything. There are many names in this world that sounds similar and if you were to connect them, it would make you look like a fool.

Hargeisa means “the place where hide is sold” in the Somali language.

 

[Young Popeye]

Bizarre claims brother.

Northern Somalia is the homeland for Somalis. It's always been inhabited by Somalis and the Somalis took over southern Somalia in the 1st century. No other group is native to Somalia except for Somalis and the Somali region of Ethiopia used to be dominated by the Ajuran clan and they had a kingdom there called Garen kingdom centred around Kelafo.

Aw Barkhedle was a Somali saint from Zeila. Yemeni, Maldive and Egyptian medieval sources prove that so does Somali traditions.

Shewa Sultanate was centred around central Ethiopia on the Shewa plateau. Go look at this map.

I think you're confusing Ifat Sultanate which was centred around Zeila conquered when it Shewa Sultanate?

"In the early Middle Ages, the Somali Sultanates developed strong standing armies. The conquest of Shewa by the Ifat Sultanate ignited a rivalry for supremacy between the Christian Solomonids and the Muslim Ifatites which resulted in several devastating wars."

Source: (Cambridge University Press, 1982), page. 131.

Listen, just because names sound similar doesn't mean anything. There are many names in this world that sounds similar and if you were to connect them, it would make you look like a fool.

Hargeisa means “the place where hide is sold” in the Somali language.

I cant respond to all these false accusations as i know your history of marathon discussions but let me leave you with this. Civilizations have a moment of nomadism, settlerism and expansion then destruction through another invasion by nomadic tribe. If somalis existed with the atlanteans, phonecians romans before modern civilizations like germans arabs or brits, then they would be the most powerful nation on earth. ifat was the eastern province of shewa, this is documented. Its not only names sounding similar but when the founder of hargeisa (madar) lived in harar emirate specifically harar city that should give you enough clues

 

[Factz]

I cant respond to all these false accusations as i know your history of marathon discussions but let me leave you with this. Civilizations have a moment of nomadism, settlerism and expansion then destruction through another invasion by nomadic tribe. If somalis existed with the atlanteans, phonecians romans before modern civilizations like germans arabs or brits, then they would be the most powerful nation on earth. ifat was the eastern province of shewa, this is documented. Its not only names sounding similar but when the founder of hargeisa (madar) lived in harar emirate specifically harar city that should give you enough clues

Brother you need to stop denying the facts. It's already been proven that northern Somalia has always been inhabited by Somalis whether you like it or not. Did I deny any expansion? I'm just saying the Somali expansion wasn't recent and that's for sure. Look at the Chinsee, Greeks, Persians and Berbers and look how they survived? Somalis are no different to that regard.

Ifat Sultanate was a Somali Sultanate centred around Zeila and even Ethiopian historians admit this.

Book: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Q0pZPp032c0C&pg=PA43&dq=Ifat+was+a+Somali+Sultanate&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiriqqGvfLdAhVTeMAKHdXmDhoQ6AEINTAC#v=onepage&q=Ifat was a Somali Sultanate&f=false

Look at the medieval historians that visited Zeila. Al Yaqubi (9th century), Ibn Battuta, Ibn Sa'id, Ibn Khaldun and many more stated that it was a Somali city and don't make post their books because I know you seen it before and you know it's the truth.

I mean why are you so surprised? Did you know the Jarso (Dir) clan established a kingdom in Hararghe called Dawaro Sultanate in the 10th century? Here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Dawaro

Did you know Ifat Sultanate was preceded by the early Adal kingdom (9th to 13th century) which according to Al-Yaqubi was a wealthy Dir kingdom centred around Zeila? The difference is he was there in the 9th century and seen everything so no matter what you say, you was not there at that time so we must take Al-Yaqubi information as the source.

Lastly, Sheikh Madar was a Somali saint who was Habar Awal (Isaaq) from Berbera and he only increased agriculture and urbanization. He contributed to the urbanization of Hargeisa but he didn't found it. You're again speaking bullshit.

 

[Young Popeye]

Brother you need to stop denying the facts. It's already been proven that northern Somalia has always been inhabited by Somalis whether you like it or not. Did I deny any expansion? I'm just saying the Somali expansion wasn't recent and that's for sure. Look at the Chinsee, Greeks, Persians and Berbers and look how they survived? Somalis are no different to that regard.

Ifat Sultanate was a Somali Sultanate centred around Zeila and even Ethiopian historians admit this.

Book: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Q0pZPp032c0C&pg=PA43&dq=Ifat+was+a+Somali+Sultanate&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiriqqGvfLdAhVTeMAKHdXmDhoQ6AEINTAC#v=onepage&q=Ifat was a Somali Sultanate&f=false

Look at the medieval historians that visited Zeila. Al Yaqubi (9th century), Ibn Battuta, Ibn Sa'id, Ibn Khaldun and many more stated that it was a Somali city and don't make post their books because I know you seen it before and you know it's the truth.

I mean why are you so surprised? Did you know the Jarso (Dir) clan established a kingdom in Hararghe called Dawaro Sultanate in the 10th century? Here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Dawaro

Did you know Ifat Sultanate was preceded by the early Adal kingdom (9th to 13th century) which according to Al-Yaqubi was a wealthy Dir kingdom centred around Zeila? The difference is he was there in the 9th century and seen everything so no matter what you say, you was not there at that time so we must take Al-Yaqubi information as the source.

Lastly, Sheikh Madar was a Somali saint who was Habar Awal (Isaaq) from Berbera and he only increased agriculture and urbanization. He contributed to the urbanization of Hargeisa but he didn't found it. You're again speaking bullshit.

Ja or ga is a new term that started after the Oromo/gala invasion, the forcefully oromized people were known as Jassa or jarso, one of them led the imamate of harar and moved it out of harar. garso had somali blood later on as well. muhammad jassa was religious and adal wanted to use him to subdue oromo but he felt too threatened in harar. Its explained in this source when Harla surrendered to gala they were accepted as gasa clan https://books.google.ca/books?id=or...ved=0ahUKEwiMzZT3w_LdAhVD94MKHZmgCfwQ6AEIOjAD

 

[Factz]

Ja or ga is a new term that started after the Oromo/gala invasion, the forcefully oromized people were known as Jassa or jarso, one of them led the imamate of harar and moved it out of harar. muhammad jassa was religious and adal wanted to use him to subdue oromo but he felt too threatened in harar. Its explained in this source when Harla surrendered to gala they were accepted as gasa clan https://books.google.ca/books?id=or...ved=0ahUKEwiMzZT3w_LdAhVD94MKHZmgCfwQ6AEIOjAD

Muhammad jassa was the Sultan of Aussa Imamate. According to @James Dahl they were Somali but I'm not sure. I think they were Afars because most books I read from state they were Afar.

Jarso weren't the only Somalis that were assimilated in Hararghe but did you know most of Afran Qallo sub-clans have Somali origins? It's crazy man. I can list all the sub-clans and most of them were Dir but not all since one was Hawiye known as Karanle and the other one was Darood which were Geri Kombe.

By the way, I heard when Gallas surrounded Harar that's when the Harar Imamate was established because the Somali and Harari communication was lost due to Oromos cutting our borders and all of this happened after the weakening of Adal Sultanate. Basically, Oromos took advantage of our weakness when we were busy warring with Abyssinia and the Portuguese.

 

[Young Popeye]

Muhammad jassa was the Sultan of Aussa Imamate. According to @James Dahl they were Somali but I'm not sure. I think they were Afars because most books I read from state they were Afar.

Jarso weren't the only Somalis that were assimilated in Hararghe but did you know most of Afran Qallo sub-clans have Somali origins? It's crazy man. I can list all the sub-clans and most of them were Dir but not all since one was Hawiye known as Karanle and the other one was Darood which were Geri Kombe.

By the way, I heard when Gallas surrounded Harar that's when the Harar Imamate was established because the Somali and Harari communication was lost due to Oromos cutting our borders and all of this happened after the weakening of Adal Sultanate. Basically, Oromos took advantage of our weakness when we were busy warring with Abyssinia and the Portuguese.

Dankali are savages, they raided Adal and boasted over killing clans. Gassa thought Oromo were the only savages, he needed to deal with. Dankali are hot headed beasts that were born near a lava, they are equivalent to the bedouin arabs in the desert.

 

[Factz]

Dankali are savages, they raided Adal and boasted over killing clans. Gassa thought Oromo were the only savages, he needed to deal with. Dankali are hot headed beasts that were born near a lava, they are equivalent to the bedouin arabs in the desert.

You're right about Afars but Adal Sultanate was multi-ethnic state and it consisted of Afars too, but not all of them but some of their clans that bordered Somalis. It's complicated but loool your comment had me dying.


You know Afars still practise their pre-Islamic culture right? The following are

• Like kidnap bribes and do force marriages.
• Half naked.
• Sharpening their teeth.
  
• FGM
• Murder women and children during war
• Drink blood from their cattle or camel

All of these things Afar practise I mentioned go against the Xeer system. When Somalis from the Issa clan heard of this. They were shocked but they weren't scared of them. When they look at their neighbouring east: Gadabursi who are peaceful agriculutral clan then they realize they are lucky to share close ties with these people.

Difference between an Afar and Bedouin Arab is the Afar never runs away from a war while Bedouins were straight pussies.

 

[Apollo]

Argobba as just basic Amharas.