You think that Women were more "free" and "liberated" before Islam? They weren't even considered humans you moron. Islam elevated the status of women; if there were businesswomen in the pre-Islamic Arabian society, surely there were businesswomen post-Islamization. You also have to take into consideration that women (pre-industrialisation) were overwhelmed with house chores that they'd barely have the time to work and this was in every society. The main purpose of the verses of the Qur'an was not to facilitate scientific discoveries you idiot, they are a means of guidance and averting people from corruption. Persians already had a flourishing intellectual environment pre-Islamization but one would be foolish to deny that their advancements and discoveries have further escalated post-Islamization. It's also important to note that a large number of Muslim scientists were in fact of non-Persian descent.
Wallahi you're so ignorant about the religion, it's pathetic. The 4 madhaahib vary only in minor issues, but they're identical for the most part. They usually vary in issues pertaining to ibaadah (e.g. Whether one should fold their arms or not), they don't vary in issues of governance. LOL @ there are disagreements in the usage of ijmaa', sxb please stop exposing yourself as an ignoramus. Those who follow the Salaf (first three generations) is a madhahib (methodology) for them, it's got nothing to do with 'urf. These same people follow modern Salafi scholars in rulings that could not be derived at the time of the Salaf (for obvious reasons, there are new technological inventions and matters that the early generation have not come across). We can use the ijmaa' and fatawa of the early scholars to derive rulings for modern issues. Whether we derive it inductively or deductively. There's no variation in the explanation of the Shariah law, the Qur'an and Sunnah are clear, there's very rarely any grey area.
Those that take "literal" and "metaphorical" approach have nothing to do with the 4 madhahib you shameless modernist. They are issues of 'aqeedah (there are 3 accepted schools of 'aqeedah). The Ash'aris take a metaphorical approach to some verses while Zahiris take a literal approach. Btw, these "literal" and "metaphorical" approach is not regarding Islamic law and has nothing to do with it, they are regarding issues of 'aqeedah, not fiqh.
LOL @ you taught me what 'urf is... Who the heck are you mate? I didn't even read your thread... I've learnt what 'urf was when I was around 12 years old in my dugsi... What a fool.
I never even spoke about whether women were better off in pre-Islamic Arabia rather I only pointed out that Islam didn't let Khadija be a businesswoman as she was one before the advent of Islam so stop putting words into my mouth.
Neither did I say that most Muslim scientists were Persian I merely mentioned Persia as an example of a place with a thriving culture before Islam.
Thank you for admitting Islam isn't a book of science however which supports my argument that the Golden Age wasn't due to Islam by which I mean these scientific developments weren't derived from Qur'an or Sunnah.