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Northern Somalia was uninhabited for most of history. The Cushitic ancestors of Somalis migrated from North Sudan via Eritrea through the Awash valley and Ahmar mountain range into the Shabelle basin to Southern Somalia.
The few hunter-gatherers that lived there were chased out to Kenya and Tanzania. Some may have been absorbed, but at a rate of less than 5%. Meaning Somalis are a +90-95% replacement population from Sudan and very distant from Mota-Hadza paleolithic natives of East Africa. Recent studies back this up.
Then the South Cushites split from Lowland East Cushitic in South Somalia. They went to Tanzania. Some proto-Somalis then moved from South Somalia directly into Southwestern Ethiopia mixing with Omotics creating groups like Borana Oromos, Rendilles, Baiso etc. The Konso who speak an Oromo dialect are even majority Omotic. While the Somalis that lived in South Somalia didn't come into contact with Omotics.
This explains why the ''Cushitic'' cluster always peaks in Somalis, because they were the most isolated relative to other Cushitic groups.
Full Y studies will likely show a recent expansion of E-Z813 and T-Y16897 subclades from South Somalia to the North.
Afar E-V6/J1 types probably lived in Northern Somalia before the Somalis and were chased out. The Madhiban\Gaboye with E-V6 and Warsangeli J1s may be a relic of that group.
/Suugo Anthropology
The few hunter-gatherers that lived there were chased out to Kenya and Tanzania. Some may have been absorbed, but at a rate of less than 5%. Meaning Somalis are a +90-95% replacement population from Sudan and very distant from Mota-Hadza paleolithic natives of East Africa. Recent studies back this up.
Then the South Cushites split from Lowland East Cushitic in South Somalia. They went to Tanzania. Some proto-Somalis then moved from South Somalia directly into Southwestern Ethiopia mixing with Omotics creating groups like Borana Oromos, Rendilles, Baiso etc. The Konso who speak an Oromo dialect are even majority Omotic. While the Somalis that lived in South Somalia didn't come into contact with Omotics.
This explains why the ''Cushitic'' cluster always peaks in Somalis, because they were the most isolated relative to other Cushitic groups.
Full Y studies will likely show a recent expansion of E-Z813 and T-Y16897 subclades from South Somalia to the North.
Afar E-V6/J1 types probably lived in Northern Somalia before the Somalis and were chased out. The Madhiban\Gaboye with E-V6 and Warsangeli J1s may be a relic of that group.
/Suugo Anthropology