Step a side
VIP
I have that same book it's written by some untrustworthy Harari guy Enrico and Pankhurst translation is straight from Tarikh al-Mujahidin & Taʾrīkh al-mulūk manuscripts
Ahmed Sami can’t be untrust worthy. He is the goat that provided several important documents to various different European institutions
like I said show me where it says that prior to 1647 there were non Karanle leaders at awssa. I will wait.