The Ajuraan- a view from the oral tradition

[Grant]

I just looked back. It doesn't mention that.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakr_ad-Din_Mosque

"The Fakr ad-Din Mosque (Arabic: مسجد فخر الدين زنكي‎), also known as Masjid Fakhr al-Din, is the oldest mosque in Mogadishu, Somalia. It is located in Hamar Weyne (literally "Old Hamar"), the oldest part of the city. It is the 7th oldest mosque in Africa.

Description[edit]
The mosque was built in 869 by the first Somali Sultan of the Sultanate of Mogadishu and founder of Garen Dynasty called Fakr ad-Din. He is believed to hail from the noble Somali tribe known as Ajuran (clan)."

I think you are aware that Fakr ad-Din established the Fakr ad-Din dynasty and not the Garen.

 

[Factz]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakr_ad-Din_Mosque

"The Fakr ad-Din Mosque (Arabic: مسجد فخر الدين زنكي‎), also known as Masjid Fakhr al-Din, is the oldest mosque in Mogadishu, Somalia. It is located in Hamar Weyne (literally "Old Hamar"), the oldest part of the city. It is the 7th oldest mosque in Africa.

Description[edit]
The mosque was built in 869 by the first Somali Sultan of the Sultanate of Mogadishu and founder of Garen Dynasty called Fakr ad-Din. He is believed to hail from the noble Somali tribe known as Ajuran (clan)."

I think you are aware that Fakr ad-Din established the Fakr ad-Din dynasty and not the Garen.

Smh, I'm talking the Ajuran Sultanate page, it doesn't say anything like that. Fakr ad-Din was Somali since son was considered Somali according to Ibn Battuta but we don't know their tribe.

 

[Grant]

Smh, I'm talking the Ajuran Sultanate page, it doesn't say anything like that. Fakr ad-Din was Somali since son was considered Somali according to Ibn Battuta but we don't know their tribe.

Sir, you accused me of lying. I showed you were wrong once again. One page is not all of Wiki. Stop making excuses for your lack of comprehension and persistence.

 

[Factz]

Sir, you accused me of lying. I showed you were wrong once again. One page is not all of Wiki. Stop making excuses for your lack of comprehension and persistence.

Well at least I'm not the one denying every source that were presented for you but you're still stubborn and naive to admit many claims you made were very wrong.

 

[James Dahl]

Study the Oromo expansion sir because you're sounding like a fool right now. They expanded towards the Ajuran Kingdom and the Ajuran army repelled their migration and converted the ones they captured to Islam and it happened in the mid 17th century according to the Ajuran traditions and even Oromo traditions that raided southern Somalia.

I didn't say they didn't, but this wasn't the same thing as the Gaal Madow wars. The Gaal Madow wars happened early in Ajuuraan history and before the Oromo left Bale province. The opponents of the Ajuuraan, the "Gaal Madow", inhabited southern Somalia prior to the Ajuuraan conquest and the Ajuuraan defeated and conquered them, expanding into the south. The Oromo invasion of Somalia that occurred later was the opposite situation, with the Oromo Gada'a from Bale pushing east with the Ajuuraan in the south resisting.

The conflation of the Oromo invasion of Somalia with the Ajuuraan conquest of the south is incorrect but widely cited. The authors are jumping to conclusions since Oromo are called "Gaalo" and the "Gaal Madow" has Gaal in the name so same group! Except no, that's not how this works.

 

[Factz]

I didn't say they didn't, but this wasn't the same thing as the Gaal Madow wars. The Gaal Madow wars happened early in Ajuuraan history and before the Oromo left Bale province. The opponents of the Ajuuraan, the "Gaal Madow", inhabited southern Somalia prior to the Ajuuraan conquest and the Ajuuraan defeated and conquered them, expanding into the south. The Oromo invasion of Somalia that occurred later was the opposite situation, with the Oromo Gada'a from Bale pushing east with the Ajuuraan in the south resisting.

The conflation of the Oromo invasion of Somalia with the Ajuuraan conquest of the south is incorrect but widely cited. The authors are jumping to conclusions since Oromo are called "Gaalo" and the "Gaal Madow" has Gaal in the name so same group! Except no, that's not how this works.

Oromo expansion happened in the 16th century and managed to conquer many territory and assimilate many people which is why they are the largest Cushitic people. By 17th century, they were already powerful enough to continue their migration and Ajuran Kingdom back then was at their height and they successfully repelled the Oromo expansion.

There are traditions of them raiding Kelafo and Doolow where Ajuran fought them off in the mid 17th century.

Somalis used to call the Oromos back then Gaal Mathow while Abyssinians just used to them them Galla. The Oromo term is just a new name made by Ethiopia in the 20th century.

 

[MARAQ DIGAAG]

I didn't say they didn't, but this wasn't the same thing as the Gaal Madow wars. The Gaal Madow wars happened early in Ajuuraan history and before the Oromo left Bale province. The opponents of the Ajuuraan, the "Gaal Madow", inhabited southern Somalia prior to the Ajuuraan conquest and the Ajuuraan defeated and conquered them, expanding into the south. The Oromo invasion of Somalia that occurred later was the opposite situation, with the Oromo Gada'a from Bale pushing east with the Ajuuraan in the south resisting.

The conflation of the Oromo invasion of Somalia with the Ajuuraan conquest of the south is incorrect but widely cited. The authors are jumping to conclusions since Oromo are called "Gaalo" and the "Gaal Madow" has Gaal in the name so same group! Except no, that's not how this works.

The Galla Madow could refer to the Wardai. You have to also understand that Oromo-Somali tension was not solely based on a religious divide.It is also based on a cultural divide, for example,the Somali Muslim always had a rosy view of the Rendille,who were also Waaq worshippers,because they once practiced the same Camel-herder culture.

I don’t think you can find any Somali groups who were chased out of Somalia in the oral traditions of Somalis.The Hawiye are already settled in Merca by the time the Arab geographers start writing about Somalia.The Maay speakers were also well established in the South.

If we are to believe your theory for a minute, the only candidate I can think of are the Madanleh irrigators.There are some traditions which state they were defeated by a coalition of Ajuraan and other Somalis.The only trace left of them is in the genealogy of some Southern groups.These battles were said to have occurred in modern Northern Kenya,though they do not state the religion of the Madanleh.The Madanleh are also said to have been reddish in Skin and in one tradition “Banu Israel”.

 

[Grant]

How does it feel to be known as a historical revisionist troll that hates on Somalis? Thanks for voting me because I'm not even at the top lol so that was irrelevant what you brought.

Another of your misquotes:

https://www.triposo.com/loc/Zeila/history/background

(late 9th century) Al Yaqubi mentions Muslims, no clans. They would not have to have been Somalis. (14th century) .."Zeila had by then started to grow into a huge multicultural metropolis, with Persian Gulf Arab, Somali, Afar, Oromo, and even Persian inhabitants." Note the dating. Ibn Batuta said they were Zaidi Shi'ite.

" In the late 9th century, Al-Yaqubi wrote that Muslims were living along the northern Somali seaboard. He also mentioned that the Adal kingdom had its capital in the city, suggesting that the Adal Sultanate with Zeila as its headquarters dates back to at least the 9th or 10th centuries. According to I.M. Lewis, the polity was governed by local dynasties consisting of Somalized Arabs or Arabized Somalis, who also ruled over the similarly-established Sultanate of Mogadishu in the Benadir region to the south. Adal's history from this founding period forth would be characterized by a succession of battles with neighbouring Abyssinia.
By 1330, the Moroccan historian and traveler Ibn Batutta would describe the city as dominated by Muslims from the Zaidi Shi'ite denomination. Shi'ia influence can still be seen in various areas, as in the southern Somalia veneration of Fatimah, the Prophet Muhammad's daughter.
Zeila's importance as a trading port is further confirmed by Al-Idrisi and Ibn Said, who describe it as a town of considerable size and a center of the local slave trade. Pankhurst, amongst other writers, thought Marco Polo was referring to Zeila (then the capital of Adal) when he recounts how the Sultan of Aden seized a bishop of Abyssinia traveling through his realm, attempted to convert the man by force, then had him circumcised according to Islamic practice. This action provoked the Abyssinian Emperor into raising an army and capturing the Sultan's capital.
Through extensive trade with Abyssinia and Arabia, Adal attained its height of prosperity during the 14th century. It sold incense, myrrh, slaves, gold, silver and camels, among many other commodities. Zeila had by then started to grow into a huge multicultural metropolis, with Persian Gulf Arab, Somali, Afar, Oromo, and even Persian inhabitants. The city was also instrumental in bringing Islam to the Oromo and other Ethiopian ethnic groups."

"Beginning in 1630, the city became a dependency of the ruler of Mocha, who, for a small sum, leased the port to one of the office-holders of Mocha. The latter in return collected a toll on its trade. Zeila was subsequently ruled by an Emir, whom Mordechai Abir suggested had "some vague claim to authority over all of the sahil, but whose real authority did not extend very far beyond the walls of the town." Assisted by cannons and a few mercenaries armed with matchlocks, the governor succeeded in fending off incursions by both the disunited nomads of the interior, who had penetrated the area, as well as brigands in the Gulf of Aden. By the first half of the 19th century, Zeila was a shadow of its former self, having been reduced to "a large village surrounded by a low mud wall, with a population that varied according to the season from 1,000 to 3,000 people." The city continued to serve as the principal maritime outlet for Harar and beyond it in Shewa. However, the opening of a new sea route between Tadjoura and Shewa cut further into Zeila's historic position as the main regional port.?"

 

[Darawalka]

You have usually good info in your posts Factz, but I side with Grant on this. My parents weren't from Somalia so they never knew about this type of history, but between Oman and Ajuran, it's not comparable to say Ajuran had more impact in the region. Even that baden is quite small, and that seashore fort. All your proof shows that the impact of Ajuran in the maritime region was minimal.It's more revisionist to put Ajuran beside Ottomans in the wars against the Portugese and their colonies when the Ottomans actually had a rich and vast history of seafaring. You know who of the two were doing the heavy pulling

Somalis are a nomadic people through and through, the port cities where proped up by trade with across the sea. Heck half of Mogadishu during the the more recent couple hundred years was arab and persian bankers and merchants.

You really think the Somalis invented that ship when the Omanis have the much vaster maritime history that they conducted the slave trade. Even the word beden sounds nothing like Somali, very Arabic sounding forgetting even the safar part

 

[Factz]

You have usually good info in your posts Factz, but I side with Grant on this. My parents weren't from Somalia so they never knew about this type of history, but between Oman and Ajuran, it's not comparable to say Ajuran had more impact in the region. Even that baden is quite small, and that seashore fort. All your proof shows that the impact of Ajuran in the maritime region was minimal.It's more revisionist to put Ajuran beside Ottomans in the wars against the Portugese and their colonies when the Ottomans actually had a rich and vast history of seafaring. You know who of the two were doing the heavy pulling

Somalis are a nomadic people through and through, the port cities where proped up by trade with across the sea. Heck half of Mogadishu during the the more recent couple years was arab and persian bankers and merchants.

You really think the Somalis invented that ship when the Omanis have the much vaster maritime history that they conducted the slave trade. Even the word beden sounds nothing like Somali, very Arabic sounding forgetting even the safar part

You need to undersand that Somalis are diverse people. We have two branches, Samaale and Sab who are sons of Hiil (father of all Somalis) who goes back to Cush and Ham. Samaale branch are traditionally nomads while Sab branch are traditionally farmers. Samaale is the majority and the most powerful Somalis while Sab are a minority but they aren't weak. The coastal Somalis are traditionally seafarers/merchants and traders that would have city-states, eat fish and also eat livestock meat and crops but they would provide the resources and trade with the interior Somali nomads and farmers.

Who told you Mogadishu was half foreigner? Both Mogadishu and Zeila were metropolis Somali cities. Read the source below, it tells you coastal Somali cities were dominated by Somalis.

Look at my thread about Ajuran maritime history: https://www.somalispot.com/threads/ajuran-empire-superpower-in-the-indian-ocean.44517/

By the way, did you know Somalis from Geledi Sultanate militarily defeated the Omanis and forced them to pay tribute? Here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_the_Geledi

Lastly, everyone knows Somalis have the richest maritime history in Africa and to refuse that makes you a total moron.

 

[Darawalka]

t

You need to undersand that Somalis are diverse people. We have two branches, Samaale and Sab who are sons of Hiil (father of all Somalis) who goes back to Cush and Ham. Samaale branch are traditionally nomads while Sab branch are traditionally farmers. Samaale is the majority and the most powerful Somalis while Sab are a minority but they aren't weak. The coastal Somalis are traditionally seafarers/merchants and traders that would have city-states, eat fish and also eat livestock meat and crops but they would provide the resources and trade with the interior Somali nomads and farmers.

Who told you Mogadishu was half foreigner? Both Mogadishu and Zeila were metropolis Somali cities. Read the source below, it tells you coastal Somali cities were dominated by Somalis.

Look at my thread about Ajuran maritime history: https://www.somalispot.com/threads/ajuran-empire-superpower-in-the-indian-ocean.44517/

By the way, did you know Somalis from Geledi Sultanate militarily defeated the Omanis and forced them to pay tribute? Here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_the_Geledi

that escalated quickly. All im saying is that your whole argument is propped up by very little. what were the circumstances of the omanis losing that battle? you can't just throw around loaded terms like ajuran were a superpower with pics of a raft and a small seashore fort. In popular sources of the battles between maritime powers in the region, the peoples mentioned are usually the turks, the portugese, and the omanis. you need more sources than a couple sentences in a book. if it were a uni paper, the professor would be tearing the argument apart. If they were such a force, where are their explorers coming back to tell tales about across the red sea. the horn in general is a very humble and insignificant part in the regional politics.

 

[Factz]

You're a runner up.

Another of your misquotes:

https://www.triposo.com/loc/Zeila/history/background

(late 9th century) Al Yaqubi mentions Muslims, no clans. They would not have to have been Somalis. (14th century) .."Zeila had by then started to grow into a huge multicultural metropolis, with Persian Gulf Arab, Somali, Afar, Oromo, and even Persian inhabitants." Note the dating. Ibn Batuta said they were Zaidi Shi'ite.

" In the late 9th century, Al-Yaqubi wrote that Muslims were living along the northern Somali seaboard. He also mentioned that the Adal kingdom had its capital in the city, suggesting that the Adal Sultanate with Zeila as its headquarters dates back to at least the 9th or 10th centuries. According to I.M. Lewis, the polity was governed by local dynasties consisting of Somalized Arabs or Arabized Somalis, who also ruled over the similarly-established Sultanate of Mogadishu in the Benadir region to the south. Adal's history from this founding period forth would be characterized by a succession of battles with neighbouring Abyssinia.
By 1330, the Moroccan historian and traveler Ibn Batutta would describe the city as dominated by Muslims from the Zaidi Shi'ite denomination. Shi'ia influence can still be seen in various areas, as in the southern Somalia veneration of Fatimah, the Prophet Muhammad's daughter.
Zeila's importance as a trading port is further confirmed by Al-Idrisi and Ibn Said, who describe it as a town of considerable size and a center of the local slave trade. Pankhurst, amongst other writers, thought Marco Polo was referring to Zeila (then the capital of Adal) when he recounts how the Sultan of Aden seized a bishop of Abyssinia traveling through his realm, attempted to convert the man by force, then had him circumcised according to Islamic practice. This action provoked the Abyssinian Emperor into raising an army and capturing the Sultan's capital.
Through extensive trade with Abyssinia and Arabia, Adal attained its height of prosperity during the 14th century. It sold incense, myrrh, slaves, gold, silver and camels, among many other commodities. Zeila had by then started to grow into a huge multicultural metropolis, with Persian Gulf Arab, Somali, Afar, Oromo, and even Persian inhabitants. The city was also instrumental in bringing Islam to the Oromo and other Ethiopian ethnic groups."

"Beginning in 1630, the city became a dependency of the ruler of Mocha, who, for a small sum, leased the port to one of the office-holders of Mocha. The latter in return collected a toll on its trade. Zeila was subsequently ruled by an Emir, whom Mordechai Abir suggested had "some vague claim to authority over all of the sahil, but whose real authority did not extend very far beyond the walls of the town." Assisted by cannons and a few mercenaries armed with matchlocks, the governor succeeded in fending off incursions by both the disunited nomads of the interior, who had penetrated the area, as well as brigands in the Gulf of Aden. By the first half of the 19th century, Zeila was a shadow of its former self, having been reduced to "a large village surrounded by a low mud wall, with a population that varied according to the season from 1,000 to 3,000 people." The city continued to serve as the principal maritime outlet for Harar and beyond it in Shewa. However, the opening of a new sea route between Tadjoura and Shewa cut further into Zeila's historic position as the main regional port.?"

Quoting old references of Wiki? I see lol. Are you telling me ancient Somalis were bastards? Sorry, they're nomads so they knew their lineage. If you don't have evidence of them being bastards then I suggest you shut up and stop making a fool of yourself.

Al-Yaqubi mentioned the word "Somaal" living on the Somali coast. He even mentioned the clan Dir that had their own Kingdom known as Adal Kingdom and I'm talking about the early one from 9th century to 13th century.

Tunni and Jiddu, Rahanweyn sub-clans were mentioned dominating Lower Shabelle and having their own mini Sultanates centred in Barawa and Qoriyoley. They were also mentioned in the 9th century, read the source from below.

Let's not forget another Dir sub-clan called Jarso established the Dawaro Sultanate in the 10th century. Proof: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanate_of_Dawaro

Don't forget the ancient Somali lineage was Arabized after embracing Islam. Read the source from below.

Here is the non-Arabized version of Gadabursi lineage.

Fake Qurayshized Dir lineage, as seen in the book:

Abibakar (Dir)
Cabdiraxman (Irir)
Ismaaciil (Aji)
Cusmaan (Soomali)
Jibriil (Waarid)
Xassan (Lugaam)
Xuseen (Dalmar)
Harruun (Kamaal)
Ismaaciil (Kooshin/Kush)
Ridwaan
Nuux (Noah)
Axmad
Cuqayl
Abu Talib




The real lineage:

 

[Factz]

t


that escalated quickly. All im saying is that your whole argument is propped up by very little. what were the circumstances of the omanis losing that battle? you can't just throw around loaded terms like ajuran were a superpower with pics of a raft and a small seashore fort. In popular sources of the battles between maritime powers in the region, the peoples mentioned are usually the turks, the portugese, and the omanis. you need more sources than a couple sentences in a book. if it were a uni paper, the professor would be tearing the argument apart. If they were such a force, where are their explorers coming back to tell tales about across the red sea. the horn in general is a very humble and insignificant part in the regional politics.

Are you being serious now? Ajuran Empire has some of the best maritime history in Africa. They were the first Africans to successfully engage in a naval warfare against a European superpower and defeat them. Ajuran had massive forts and massive boats, what the heck are you talking about?

Watch this guy. This black guy will tell you everything about the Ajuran Empire.




Omanis were powerless in the medieval times, they even got protection by Ajuran Empire. They only contributed to the battle of Mombassa but most of the Indian Ocean were Ajuran Empire and they were even paid by the Ottomans to protect their trading ships.

It also says Ajuran had a powerful navy and done a joint naval expedition with the Ottoman Empire as far as southeast Asia.

 

[Nasiib Gaashaan Cade]

@Grant bro what's your point?

 

[Grant]

@Grant bro what's your point?

Somali history is being falsified on a daily basis.

It was generally not recorded and has so far been poorly discovered. Most of what went down for history in the 1960s were inventions made with political purposes in mind. The DNA revolution is making inroads on some of the myths, while others are being amplified by citations of non-existent evidence. This thread is a good example.

I am not the first to suggest this. The Invention of Somalia , edited by Ali Jimale Ahmed (1995), is a collection of essays by scholars in the field of Somali history and historiography. Here is a book review of a successor version published in 2017, These days, those who actually know Somali history are all revisionists.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17532523.2017.1402856?journalCode=rahr20

 

[Nasiib Gaashaan Cade]

Somali history is being falsified on a daily basis.

It was generally not recorded and has so far been poorly discovered. Most of what went down for history in the 1960s were inventions made with political purposes in mind. The DNA revolution is making inroads on some of the myths, while others are being amplified by citations of non-existent evidence. This thread is a good example.

I am not the first to suggest this. The Invention of Somalia , edited by Ali Jimale Ahmed (1995), is a collection of essays by scholars in the field of Somali history and historiography. Here is a book review of a successor version published in 2017, These days, those who actually know Somali history are all revisionists.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17532523.2017.1402856?journalCode=rahr20

Every country rewrites its history to fit in their favor and there is nothing wrong about it.
So what are proving with these whole essay you wrote?

 

[Grant]

Every country rewrites its history to fit in their favor and there is nothing wrong about it.
So what are proving with these whole essay you wrote?

The thread was in response to https://www.somalispot.com/threads/ajuran-empire-superpower-in-the-indian-ocean.44517/

It's utter BS

The Ajuraan were an interior confederation of Hawiyye tribes. They did not build or have ships. They did not control Mog or have a foreign commercial empire. Mog was an Arab enclave until about 1624 and access from the sea was controlled by either Yemen or Oman thereafter.

 

[Factz]

The thread was in response to https://www.somalispot.com/threads/ajuran-empire-superpower-in-the-indian-ocean.44517/

It's utter BS

The Ajuraan were an interior confederation of Hawiyye tribes. They did not build or have ships. They did not control Mog or have a foreign commercial empire. Mog was an Arab enclave until about 1624 and access from the sea was controlled by either Yemen or Oman thereafter.

How is that thread bullshit when there are authentic sources proving those claims?

Sorry old man. Ajuran were a stand alone clan that ruled over Hawiye, Rahanweyn even Mogadishu which was a province of Ajuran, heck some sources say it was an Ajuran capital. It wasn't an Arab enclave when Ajuran had settlements there and was considered a Somali city by medieval scholars part of Ajuran Empire. Yes, it did have foreign trade relationships around the world which is why many Kingdoms back then talk about Ajuran ships sailing to their coast and even sailing to Ajuran ports. Yemen and Oman never ruled any Somali territory. Ajuran Kingdom was both a coastal and an interior state, deal with those facts.

 

[Grant]

How is that thread bullshit when there are authentic sources proving those claims?

Sorry old man. Ajuran were a stand alone clan that ruled over Hawiye, Rahanweyn even Mogadishu which was a province of Ajuran, heck some sources say it was an Ajuran capital. It wasn't an Arab enclave when Ajuran had settlements there and was considered a Somali city by medieval scholars part of Ajuran Empire. Yes, it did have foreign trade relationships around the world which is why many Kingdoms back then talk about Ajuran ships sailing to their coast and even sailing to Ajuran ports. Yemen and Oman never ruled any Somali territory. Ajuran Kingdom was both a coastal and an interior state, deal with those facts.

Why do you deny every source I give you? You're a typical repetitive historical revisionist troll that is clueless about the Somali history. Everything you say is utter bullshit, not the factual sources.

Your haphazard and rollicking style make it difficult to impossible to get back to your sources. Where I have been able to follow your links or find the sources, supporting evidence has either been lacking or you have misinterpreted what was being said. Nearly all of your quotes are out of context and linkless. In the thread in question the only source reference is the Futuh, which you do not even link, and which also has limited application to the Ajuraan.

For those actually interested, I finally found a usable link to the Futuh;

http://blogomi.net/2015/04/futuh-al...n-ahmad-bin-abd-al-qader-bin-salem-bin-utman/

If you have actual links to any of your claims I would love to see them. Citation following conjecture does not get it.

 

[Factz]

Your haphazard and rollicking style make it difficult to impossible to get back to your sources. Where I have been able to follow your links or find the sources, supporting evidence has either been lacking or you have misinterpreted what was being said. Nearly all of your quotes are out of context and linkless. In the thread in question the only source reference is the Futuh, which you do not even link, and which also has limited application to the Ajuraan.

For those actually interested, I finally found a usable link to the Futuh;

http://blogomi.net/2015/04/futuh-al...n-ahmad-bin-abd-al-qader-bin-salem-bin-utman/

If you have actual links to any of your claims I would love to see them. Citation following conjecture does not get it.

I'll give you the sources and the links will be at the bottom. Read all these facts and admit everything you said was made up and that I was right every single time.

Mogadishu was not an Arab enclave according to a 12th century historian called Yaqut al-Hamawi stated that Mogadishu was inhabited by Swarthly Berbers who are ancestors of Somali people today. What do you think of that? Read the source from below.

Ajuran coast stretched from Hobyo to Kismayo so anything between was also under their domain including Mogadishu.

Definition of domain: an area of territory owned or controlled by a particular ruler or government.

"The Ajuran Sultanate covered much of southern and central Somalia and eastern Ethiopia, with its domain extending from Hobyo in the north, to Qelafo in the west, to Kismayo in the south."

The map is factual and it shows you the ports Ajuran controlled/governed. Please do not deny this map.

Ajuran Sultanate did have foreign trade relationship around the world and its coastal provinces flourished.

Ajuran did build ships. They had a powerful navy and done naval expedition as far as southeast Asia with their Ottoman allies to weaken Portuguese influence in the Indian Ocean.

Here is the model of Ajuran boat and it was called Ajuran markab.

Link 1: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=X1dDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA59&dq=Ajuran+Imamate+the+largest+multi-clan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjhzIv5xuzbAhWTXsAKHfZlCXEQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=Ajuran Imamate the largest multi-clan&f=false

Link 2: https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=FlL2vE_qRQ8C&pg=PA36&dq=Yaqut+Al+Hamawi+dark+skin+berbers+mogadishu+Somali&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiX6OPL3_HbAhXJ1qQKHUKqDVIQ6AEIKTAA#v=onepage&q=Yaqut Al Hamawi dark skin berbers mogadishu Somali&f=false