The ones i've seen online are terrible.
No but i can make one. I could also make one also of middle ages as well, as aside by side contrast. Add a page references to it.
Somalis Kingdoms and Sultanates?
- Thread starter Nin123
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No but i can make one. I could also make one also of middle ages as well, as aside by side contrast. Add a page references to it.
Not many Somali clan chiefdoms have evolved considerably to being considered states/sultanates, apart from few; like for instance:majertenia and geledi which is more like a city state. Somalis lack historical integrity due to qabyaalad
No evidence of both even existing, but hypothetical fantastical clan empires are being invented into history for fkd purposes. Araweello is more real than ajuran and hiraab if we are going off conjectural evidence.
Lol Hiraab and especially Ajuran did exist
Majerteen didn't evolve out of a cheifdomship btw. It was part of a larger non-clanal sultanate which ecompassed all of hartis and that sultanate was a tributary vasal to Awdal but it fragmented in the early 1600s which is when it re-organized.
Geledi as well, which was one of the vassals and other surviving cities like Luuq much like Harar as well was connected to larger polity , they didn't evolve out of chieftainships.
Cheifdomships and single city states and seperate states were due to a collapse in the 1600-1700s that fragmented the region. Before this the whole region was broken into provinces governed by various emirs, naibs, vizers under a sultan
Hiraab did rule over Xamar, but Xamar was more or less a city state with a council under a titular leadership in the 1800s. It wasn't a wide teritory and/or a collection of towns under one leadership like Majerteen/Hobyo etc
and Ajuuran was a local nickname for taxing and administrating authorities, not much different to what Majerteen referred to their own urban admins as Saladiin's. Are we going to refer to a Saladiin sultanate and saladiin empire?
You can't fault Somalis for faulty research and representation by foreign orientalist writers.
And a big large sultanate that extended over the southern coast and into the interior reaching Hadiyah and with its commercial capital Mogadishu, was decribed by foreign visitors , in quite detail. But just like Awdal it wasn't a clan empire
Majerteen didn't evolve out of a cheifdomship btw. It was part of a larger non-clanal sultanate which ecompassed all of hartis and that sultanate was a tributary vasal to Awdal but it fragmented in the early 1600s which is when it re-organized.
Geledi as well, which was one of the vassals and other surviving cities like Luuq much like Harar as well was connected to larger polity , they didn't evolve out of chieftainships.
Cheifdomships and single city states and seperate states were due to a collapse in the 1600-1700s that fragmented the region.
Hiraab did rule over Xamar, but Xamar was more or less a city state with a council under a titular leadership in the 1800s. It wasn't a wide teritory and/or a collection of towns under one leadership like Majerteen/Hobyo etc
and Ajuuran was a local nickname for taxing and administrating authorities, not much different to what Majerteen referred to their own urban admins as Saladiin's. Are we going to refer to a Saladiin sultanate and saladiin empire?
You can't fault Somalis for faulty research and representation by foreign orientalist writers.
And a big large sultanate that extended over the southern coast and into the interior reaching Hadiyah and with its commercial capital Mogadishu, was decribed by foreign visitors , in quite detail. But just like Awdal it wasn't a clan empire
Habar Younis wrote something about a Sultanate on Wiki but I have never heard of such a thing. What are your thoughts on that?
Habr Yunis Sultanate - Wikipedia
Habar Younis wrote something about a Sultanate on Wiki but I have never heard of such a thing. What are your thoughts on that?
Habr Yunis Sultanate - Wikipedia
en.m.wikipedia.org
Sounds made up , it's probably written by a Somaliland nationalist that attempts to create secessionist grounds to argue from.
The only two real sultanates was hobyo & majerteen in the 1700s-1800s and (Warsangeli could losely fit into this)
Not the Geledis? So how did they defeat Ethiopia, extract tribute from Oman and became one of the most powerful polities in East Africa if they were just a city state?
Geledi was a powerful city state, that had the ability to extend it's political influence into the coast. It came from Geledi trying their best to gain a coastal outlet of their own and expand their markets for export, so in a way it could be seen as a sultanate but it was mainly headquartered in Afgooye.
Regular rural ogaden Somali clans defeated Ethiopia numerous times lool , not just geledi. Almost everyone even Luuq defeated them. Harar even did defeat them before disarming happened and the pre-emptive exit that left them unguarded
So something similar like the historical Republic of Venice, a city state that also had extended influence/control over parts of the Mediterranean with Venice at its main stronghold
Kinda, it extended control over in the interior trade routes and levied tribute and taxes from the coast. It had economic wealth from agricultural products and iron and cotton production which it used to expand it's influence and regional powers.
@Idilinaa I recently watched this video and you can see a lot of the distinctly Somali culture in Harar. How it was a Somali trade route, camel caravans, the stone city similiar to other Somali towns, the camel meat, the craftsman, the hyena gates being called waraabe gate. Even the craftsmen area is called giirgiir, which is the same as the Somali word gariir. The wooden doors and balconies.
It highlights a lot of the things you have been talking about on here.
It highlights a lot of the things you have been talking about on here.
It's obvious to any casual Somali unlooker. A lot of what they mistakenly believe is ''Uniquely Harari' culture is actually just copy and paste of Somali culture you find elsewhere and in other cities and in general. It shows that Harar was essentially just a Somali city with a majority Somali population until recently.
Even these wooden slates/boards we call 'looh'', they hold up as artifacts of culture in that same video. This is how Somalis teach and learn Quran , by writing on wooden slates with ink.
The boards displayed are carved in the same manner and style as well.
Qur'anic writing board, mid 20th century Unknown artist, Somalia
Qur'anic writing board, Somalia ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art
In Islamic Africa, the main usage of Qurโanic boards is to learn how to read and write the Arabic language, which leads to reading and memorizing verses from the Qurโan. In Somalia these boards are called loox. Before the use of paper, the loox was the main tool for the education of youth. It...
collections.artsmia.org
A tradition used to this day:
This is also described by the Portuguese in the town of Maydh in the 1500s just in case some Harari pseudo historian claims we got it from them. It mentions the big School where kids wrote on ink wooden boards
Portuguese description of Maydh in the 1500s
Apparently all the inhabitants ran away when they saw the Portuguese coming, but the Portuguese mention that there were two mosques and a school, probably a dugsi, where they had wooden boards and ink, Loox.
www.somalispot.com
The manuscript/bookbinding culture is Somali as well, its literally copy and paste of the same style you find Merca and other cities. Most of what they display as harari manuscripts are probably Somali as well, since Burton and others described the extensive collections and private libraries that was kept by Somalis inside the city.
The authentic chronicles that Cerulli uncovered/published ''Tarikh Al Mulukh(The History of Kings), Tarikh Al-Wali Asma(The History of the Surpeme Rulers) and Tarikh Al-Mujahid(The History of the Holy War) was in the hands of Somalis as well or copied from us.
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It's obvious to any casual Somali unlooker. A lot of what they mistakenly believe is ''Uniquely Harari' culture is actually just copy and paste of Somali culture you find elsewhere and in other cities and in general. It shows that Harar was essentially just a Somali city with a majority Somali population until recently.
Even these wooden slates/boards we call 'looh'', they hold up as artifacts of culture in that same video. This is distinctly and uniquely how Somalis teach and learn Quran , by writing on wooden slates with ink.
They are carved in the same manner as well.
Qur'anic writing board, mid 20th century Unknown artist, Somalia
Qur'anic writing board, Somalia ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art
In Islamic Africa, the main usage of Qurโanic boards is to learn how to read and write the Arabic language, which leads to reading and memorizing verses from the Qurโan. In Somalia these boards are called loox. Before the use of paper, the loox was the main tool for the education of youth. It...collections.artsmia.org
A tradition used to this day:
This is also described by the Portuguese in the town of Maydh in the 1500s just in case some Harari pseudo historian claims we got it from them. It mentions the big School where kids wrote on ink wooden boards
Portuguese description of Maydh in the 1500s
Apparently all the inhabitants ran away when they saw the Portuguese coming, but the Portuguese mention that there were two mosques and a school, probably a dugsi, where they had wooden boards and ink, Loox.www.somalispot.com
The manuscript/bookbinding culture is Somali as well, its literally copy and paste of the same style you find Merca and other cities. Most of what they display as harari manuscripts are probably Somali as well, since Burton and others described the extensive collections and private libraries that was kept by Somalis.
The authentic chronicles that Cerulli uncovered/published ''Tarikh Al Mulukh(The History of Kings), Tarikh Al-Wali Asma(The History of the Surpeme Rulers) and Tarikh Al-Mujahid(The History of the Holy War) was in the hands of Somalis as well or copied from us.
Yes, it is still in use today
Btw i seperate that history in two periods. ''The Era of Emirs'' and ''The Era of Sheikhs''
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